Today is the topic: osteochondrosis of symptoms and the treatment of the lumbar spine, which we will analyze more in our article.Most people come across back pain at least once in their lives.It is especially applied to the population after the age of 30, the cause of unpleasant sensations in the lower back.
The causes of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
There are only 5 lumbar vertebrae in the human body, they are wide and thick as they carry the main load.It is their physiological characteristic and more mobility that increases the risk of degenerative changes - osteochondrosis.
The most important factor in the formation of disc wear is the constant overload of the department, which is worsened by long -term stuck, hard work, improper posture and many other factors.All of these causes cause muscle surge, impaired tissue blood supply and cause additional strain on the ligaments and joints.
The processes of destruction of hyaline intervertebral cartilage are based on moisture loss.A healthy spine can withstand more than 500 kg.In the case of loss of hydrophilic properties, the elasticity is lost, the disc becomes greater, the distance between the vertebrae bodies decreases.
There are several factors in the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- Increased physical activity and weight lifting.
- Injuries.
- Disorders of metabolic processes.
- Hormonal changes.
- Bad habits - irrational nutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse.
- Stand disruption (scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, stop).
- Flat legs.
An important role in the formation of obesity of degeneration is played.Not only does it cause an increase in pressure on the spine, it also leads to metabolic disorders, hormonal shifts.
Symptoms and diagnosis
In medicine, the basis of the symptoms of osteochondrosis is pain.It has many variations - acute and acute pain, or, conversely, pulling and pressing.Due to the unpleasant sensations, a sick person is almost not given to simple things climbing from a chair, from a bed, walking.
Often, the pain occurs in the form of a "change"-the abandonment of uncomfortable movement, lifting the weight.With the deterioration of the processes of destruction of pain exacerbation can occur in coughing and sneezing.
From the forced limitation of the activity of the spinal cord flexibility is reduced, it becomes more difficult to bend, the shoe.
In addition to the symptoms of the vertebrae (which are back only), there are a number of extravertibrial (spread beyond the lower back).
Can be:
- Lyubmoichachei-Pain along the sciatic nerve (lumbosacral osteochondrosis is most susceptible to this symptom).
- Neurological disorders in the lower limbs - impaired sensitivity, pain when walking, parasi are possible.
More and more doctors are concluded that osteochondrosis itself does not hurt, all tangible symptoms are a complication of osteochondrosis.Thus, they write in the diagnosis: "Against the background of osteochondrosis ..." Almost 80 percent of the pain arises from muscle inflammation and the formation of trigger points, which is why myofascial syndrome occurs.
Diagnostics
Intense back pain can be caused by many causes.It is therefore important to establish an accurate diagnosis, and osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine with various symptoms and treatment is a common concept.For starters, it is necessary to take a number of common tests - biochemistry, blood, urine.They will help identify inflammatory processes, determine the condition of the body and the level of damage.
As a specialized study, it is recommended to perform radiography of the spine in two projections - lateral and straight.Complications are often required, MRI is used for this.
When there is no way to perform tomographic tests, myelography will be prescribed - X -Ray examination with contrast matter that is introduced into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord.
Treatment and prevention
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine require urgent measures in the selection of therapy.A complete rest of the bed is recommended during periods of acute pain.To maximize the musculoskeletal system.
Important:During the exacerbation period, only treatment with drugs, massage, physiotherapy and exercise for the period of pain relief are indicated.
What medicines will help with osteochondrosis:
- Painkillers.
- Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).They must be introduced into courses.
- Glutti with local abnormalities and anti -inflammatory.
- Mussorelaxants - to relieve muscle tension.
- Maintenance therapy - Vitamin as an antioxidant, group B, RP to improve microcirculation, accelerate tissue regeneration.
Carefully:NSAIDs are prescribed together with gastroottors to reduce the negative effect of drugs on the gastrointestinal tract.
If complications occur in the form of a disorder of sensitivity, then hospital treatment is prescribed.It is possible to use topical administration of steroid drugs to relieve inflammation.
After the main treatment, they propose to undergo a course of chondroprotectors that restore the cartilage to the disk.
Manual therapy
The manual therapist acts on the spine with his hands and puts the vertebrae in place - the patient immediately relieves relief.
During 3-5 sessions of the manual therapist, the distance between the vertebrae increases, the load on them is distributed evenly, the blood circulation and the nutrition of the damaged area are improved.The patient quickly recovers and can return to the usual life.
After the course of the procedures, the manual therapist will recommend a set of exercises to consolidate the result.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy treatment relieves spasm and enhances blood flow.There are many physiotherapy procedures: electrophoresis, darizonval, laser therapy, phonophoresis, diadynamic currents, magnetic resonance therapy, ampuls, ultrasound therapy, vibration massage.It is great to continue physiography at home through budget applications.
- Kuznetsov applicator.
- Perperial patch.
- Osteochondrosis banks.
Massage
The massage is prescribed during the recovery period only after the elimination of acute pain.It relieves tension, increases blood flow, significantly improves the patient's condition.The use of warming ointments increases the efficiency of massage.Its action is enhanced by visiting the bathroom if there are no contraindications.
Resort
Spa Treaters, Resort show excellent results during rehabilitation.Baths with hydrogen sulfide, radon, bromine are relaxed and contribute to recovery.If there is a financial opportunity, it is better to treat specialized resorts.
Surgery
It is only used in cases of serious complications when other methods did not help: if it is not possible to get rid of pain for more than 4 months or there are signs of severe nerve roots.The destroyed disc is usually removed (discoctomy).If possible, they try to conduct gentle modern interventions - microsurgical and endoscopic;The rehabilitation period after them is 3-5 times shorter than after a traditional operation.
During the "decline" periods, special exercises for stretching and removing trigger points handles the effects of osteochondrosis.They weaken muscle spasm and keep the muscle corset in tone.It is important to make the complex smoothly, avoiding sudden movements.
Therapeutic gymnastics at home
LFK can also be performed at home, having previously conducted several classes with an instructor (to fix the correct execution rather than harming himself).
Physical education is the main method of treating and preventing osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine.Exercises enhance the posterior muscles, contribute to the correct location of the nerves, increase the space between the vertebrae and the complete blood supply to the tissues.
Important.Therapeutic gymnastics cannot be done with acute pain.
The purpose of the exercises is to increase the mobility of the lumbar spine.It is better to start with a small load and a small amplitude of movements.After removing the acute condition, lying in bed, you can bend your legs while lifting your head.With its improvement, the load increases carefully.
Simple exercises are helpful:
- Standing, arms on the belt to make inclinations;
- Standing, arms on the belt to rotate the pelvis;
- "CAT": In the knee-lacquer posture, bend, bend your back, rotate with a lung;
- "Scissors" and "bicycle" lying on the back;
- "Robbing": standing, rotate the body, hands hang quietly behind the turns of the housing;
- Lie on the floor, your legs are bent at the knees, performing to the right and left.
In addition, do not forget about regular strength exercises to strengthen the muscle corset (squat, push, bar), these two areas of exercise are not separated, no matter what they say.
If the lifestyle is inactive and the profession requires sitting or standing all day, the exercises should be done 3-5 times a day.It is useful to develop the habit of exercising every time there is an appropriate minute: in the elevator while the kettle boils or microwave work.
Regular therapeutic gymnastics gives a constant therapeutic and preventative effect;But even classes from case to case reduce the manifestations of exacerbation.
Folk remedies provide good preventive support during the absence of exacerbation.You can drink a decoction of mint and lemon balm - it has a calming and muscle relaxation effect, it contains a large number of vitamins and antioxidants.
Prevention
Learn to listen carefully to your body's signals, rest over time and reduce the load.
- Follow the posture, especially when you have to sit for a long time.Choose furniture at height so that the back is sure to maintain.
- Avoid long static loads (sit down, stand, posed in a bent state), take a break every hour - to hold a little physical education or just walk.
- Participate in charging, go to the pool for muscle corset formation, stretching.
- With flat feet, choose the right shoes and special leaders.
- Proper excess weight.
- Try to lead a healthy lifestyle.
- Use an orthopedic mattress and pillow.
- Dress the time, not hypothermia, use a wool belt or corset if necessary.
- Walk more: For example, get out of transport to two stops earlier.
- Refuse a bag in favor of a backpack.
- Use a corset in hard work.
- Lift the weight smoothly, without jokes and sharp turns (you can get back injury).
Important.Learn to lift the weight properly: you cannot bend so that the "lever" is formed in the lumbar region.When you lift something heavy, you have to bend your legs and not your back: sit down, take the object and get up with your back.
With age, the development of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is inevitable, the symptoms can be prevented, treated, significantly simplified, with a careful attitude to yourself not to reduce the quality of life.
Take care of yourself and your spine!